The basic objectives of Rural Development Programmes has been alleviation of poverty and unemployment through creating basic social and economic infrastructure training to rural unemployed youth and to provide employment to marginal Farmers/Labourers, to discourage, seasonal and permanent migration to urban areas.

Under the Decentralised planning process, Rural Development Programmes have assumed greater significance as their implementation has been transferred to Panchayatraj institution.

The various programmes of Rural Dev. are being implemented as centrally sponsored schemes with the support of G.O.I. In all the schemes the fund of flow is 75:25 centre and state respectively. The infrastructure in TRYSEM is 50:50. All the schemes are implemented as per the directives of G.O.I.

In the first 3 years of Ninth Plan, IRDP, Jawahar Rojgar Yojna, Emp. Assurance Scheme (EAS) Million well schemes, Indira Awas Yojna, DPAP and Rural Housing schemes were implemented. During 1999-2000, the G.O.I. restructured the Rural Dev. Programmes :

(i) SJGSY - Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojna was evolved by combining earlier IRDP, TRYSEM, Improved Tool kit supply scheme, Ganga Kalyan Yojna, Jeevan Dhara & DWCRA.

(ii) JGSY - Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna for creating rural infrastructue and labour employment.

(iii) Indira Awas Yojna - with a new scheme of conversion of mud (Kachha) house to pucca house and under rural housing - a new scheme of loan cum subsidy - was also introduced the extent of subsidy under which is Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 40,000 per house hold.

(iv) DPAP - Watershed programme with the participation of NGO’s.

(v)    The Rural Road Programme has been converted to "Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna".

(vi)    Community Development.

2.1 The approved outlay for Ninth Five Year Plan and year wise expenditure is as follows :-

1. Approved outlay for Annual Plan 2001-02 for various programmes is Rs. 23501.87 including Rural Roads. Against which an expenditure of Rs. 23724.90 Lakhs is anticipated.

2. Physical Achievements under various Schemes/programmes are as under :- Under SJGSY some 497552 families are likely to be benefitted of which 47% SC/ST and 27% women headed families under Indira Awas Yojna some 35780 houses have been constructed and under credit cum subsidy scheme some 2383 houses were constructed under JGSY 1246.21 Lakh Mandays employment was created and 1394.63 lakhs Mandays employment was generated under EAS.

In Rajeeva Gandhi water shed mission - The Water shed Development Programme has been spread in all 45 districts in 313 development blocks covering 7662 villages. Watershed dev. works have completed in 14.25 lakh hectares. 21% increase in Kharif Crop area and about 16% increase in Rabi crop area, has been witnessed. Similarly 59% increase in the additional area have been achieved. In 3294 villages increase in under Ground Water table, have been witnessed.

All the centrally sponsored programmes SJGSY, Indira Awas Yojna and Rural Housing credit-cum subsidy scheme. DRDA Admn. EAS (Water Shed Dev. Programme, JGSY with EAS. Emp. Assurance Scheme. DPAP and Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna will be implemented.

In addition DPIP (World Bank Aided Proj) and integrated dev. programme and WALMI - as state project will also be implemented.

3.1    Indira Awas Yojna - The object of the scheme is to provide house to houseless BPL families. 80% amount of total provision is earmarked for new houses while 20% amount is used to renovate kachcha house to pacca house. Rs. 20000/- is given to each new house construction in three installments while Rs. 10000/- for renovation of the houses. The Execution Agencies are Panchayati Raj Institutions. District-wise physical and financial target is given by Central Government.

3.2 Rural Housing - Credit cum subsidy :- The object of the scheme is to provide loan and subsidy for construction of houses to those families whose yearly income is below 32,000/-. Maximum loan of Rs. 40000/- and subsidy Rs. 10000/- can be given to each beneficiary. Executive Agencies are Panchayati Raj Institutions.

3.3    Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojna :- Since 1.4.99 Central Government has started Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojna. In this scheme IRDP, Trysem, Ganga Kalyan, Jeevan Dhara and Unnat Tool Kit have been merged. The main object of the scheme is to eliminate poverty in rural area. In each block, priority is given to 3 or 4 traditional trades according to the local market and demand. For SC/ST beneficiaries, Rs. 10,000/- and others Rs. 7,500/- maximum subsidy can be given while for group Rs. 1,25,000/- subsidy amount can be given.

3.4    DRDA Administration :- For all centrally sponsored schemes DRDA is the main executive agency at district level so Central Government has given administration expenses to DRDA since 1.4.99. Funding share of Central and State is 75:25 respectively. For execution of the scheme State Level Administrative expenses are also included in this scheme. There is a provision for yearly increase of 5% amount. Central Government releases their share directly to District Panchayats, while State Government provide their share after receiving Central Share.

1. Drought Prone Area Development Programme :- In the state 70% agriculture depend on rains. Water level of the State is going down day-by-day. To meet out drought, it is essential to conserve soil and water on a large scale basis. For this watershed programme has been launched in the state to develop waste land, to increase agriculture production, productivity and to provide employment to rural poor.

2. Sampoorn Gramin Rojgar Yojna :- While the integration of Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna and Employment Assurance Scheme, Central Government have launched Sampeern Gramin Rojgar Yojna since 15.8.2001. Although both the above schemes run in the financial year 2001-2002 as a part of the Scheme Sampoorn Rojgar Yojna. In the scheme, Central and State financial share is 75:25. For labour per day 5 kg. grain will be given as wages. The main object of the scheme is to provide labour employment and food grain to rural labour and to develop infrastructure according to the need. Executive agency of the scheme is Panchayati Raj Institution.

State Programme :-

1. D.P.I.P. :- This scheme is implemented by the aid of the world bank. The total cost of the project is Rs. 600 crore, out of which Rs. 500 crore will be given by the World Bank as a loan and the remaining amount will be given by the State Government and by public contribution. Tentatively the scheme will continue till 1.4.2005. The object of the scheme is to develop hand to mouth people group to make them active to enhance their income. The whole scheme is based on the demand of the people. This scheme will be implemented in 2000 villages of 14 districts.

2. WALMI :- In this scheme, additional subsidy is given to the staff of Water Management Training Institution for pay and allowances.

Integrated Development Programme :- Additional grant for following institutions is given under this scheme:-

(a) Block Development (Janpad Panchayat) :- Pay and allowances given to the staff, working in Blocks (Janpad Panchayat).

(b) Development Commissioner :- Pay and allowances for the staff posted in training and DPAP scheme in Development Commissioner’s Office.

(c) Divisional and District Level :- Pay and allowances for drivers and POL expenditure will be incurred in this scheme.

(d) Mahatma Gandhi State Rural Development Institution :- This is the State level training institution of rural development in which all types of training are conducted for officials and membersof PRI. Allotment for pay and allowances an additional grant is given to the institution for conducting training and to develop infrastructure.

(e) Gram Sevak Training Centres :- These are divisional level Rural Development Training centers in which all type of trainings for village level worker and elected persons are given. Allotment for pay and allowances and grant to conduct training is given to these institutions.

(f) Electrification :- Expenditure on electricity will be met out in this scheme which is incurred in rural development department’s buildings and offices.

(g) Rural Engineering Services :- Pay and allowances for the staff at state level/division level/district level/block level are met under the scheme.

(h) Laboratory :- For quality control and to strengthen the rural engineering services laboratories expenses are met out under the scheme.

(i) Property Expenses :- For new buildings and for maintenance of old buildings at all the levels expenditure is incurred in the scheme.

3. Rural Roads Development Authority :- Authority is constituted to execute "Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna." Whole expenses of establishment, survey and media are met out under this scheme.

   4.1 An outlay of Rs. 128840.00 lakh for Tenth Plan and Rs. 25768.00 lakh for Annual Plan 2002-03 are proposed. The distribution under various programmes are as under :-

4.2 Physical Targets Tenth Plan 2002-07

No target has been fixed for Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna for employment generation by G.O.I. Under Indira Awas Yojna construction of 187690 new houses are proposed of which 62000 houses will be for Tribals and 67000 houses for SCs Construction of 93845 Kachha house to Pucca houses are proposed of which 31000 houses would be for Tribal area and 34000 for SC’s and under credit-cum subsidy scheme construction of 10860 houses are proposed of which 3584 for Tribals and 3801 for SC’s. Some 1496 Micro-water sheds and under IWDP, 508 water sheds and 3301 Micro-water shed under EAS programmes, are proposed. Some 30700 watersheds are proposed to be developed in Rajeeva Gandhi Mission. 

Under Indira Awas Yojna (i) construction of 37538 new houses are proposed of which 12387 houses for Tribals and 13514 for SC’s (ii) construction of 18769 Kaccha houses to Pucca houses. Under credit cum subsidy scheme 2177 houses are proposed - of which 717 for Tribals and 760 houses for SC’s.

2.0 Under DPAP, IWDP and EAS watershed programmes 1496, 508, 3305 Micro water sheds respectively are proposed.

6.2 Panchayat

73rd Amendment of the constitution gave constitutional powers to Panchayat Raj Institutions of Local Self Governments. They were made Primary Institutions for execution of schemes of social justice and empowerment.

2.0 Ninth Plan

In M.P. the three tier Panchayat Raj Institutions have established roots and has started functioning properly. These are constitutional and local autonomous bodies, with an active role to raise the standard of living of the people in Rural areas Panchayats are the basic first unit of democracy.

During Ninth Plan programmes like, prizes for better collection of taxes, creating basic facilities in Panchayats, Rural Life Insurance and Grant-in-Aid to Gram Panchayat, Janpad Panchayat & Distt. Panchayat were proposed.

2.1 An outlay of Rs. 62425.00 lakh was approved for Ninth Five Year Plan. The yearwise expenditure incurred is Rs. 8791.05 in 1997-98 Rs. 5766.00 lakh in 1998-99, Rs. 8801.54 lakh in 1999-2000 Rs. 7817.18 in 2000-01.

2.2 Annual Plan is 2001-02 approved outlay is Rs. 10100.00 lakh against which an expenditure of 18288.30 lakh is anticipated.

2.3 During Ninth Plan an Audit Cell was established in H.Qrs. Grant in Aid as per Finance Commission's recommendation was released to 3 tier panchayats. Some prizes were distributed to panchayats.

3.0 Tenth Five Year Plan

1. The schemes/programmes as initiated in Ninth Plan are proposed to be continued viz.

(i) Audit cell at H.Qrs.

(ii) Xth/XIth Finance commn.'s Grants

(a) Grant in Aid for basic Works.

(b) Maintenance of Accts.

(c) Database of Local bodies.

The New Schemes proposed in the Xth Plan are :

(i) Training & Refresher Courses.

(ii) Training for Material developments

(iii) Upgradation of Panchayati Raj Training Institution.

(iv) Strengthening of Gram Sabha.

3.2 An outlay of Rs. 150182.00 lakh is proposed for Tenth Five Year and Rs. 30036.40 lakh for Annual Plan 2002-03.

3.3 Audit cell at H.Q. for internal audit, purpose would be continued grant in aid for basic works would be released as per recommendation of XIth Finance Commn. For the purpose of maintenance of account of 22029 Gram Panchayats, 313 Janpad Panchayat and computarised data base of local bodies i.e. Panchayat emerging from 51806 villages, is proposed grant in aid to "Ambedkar Institute Mhow" for training of 344424 functionaries of three tier system of which 53792 belongs to SCs and 95011 belongs to ST and 62597 to other backward classes. Further, training and refresher course of Panchayat Raj functionaries are proposed to be organised.

6.3 Land Reforms

Continuous and periodic up-dating of records of rights and other land reforms measures are aimed at safeguarding the interests of tillers of soil, as also to keep the holding viable and economic through consolidation of small and fragmented land holding. Activities relating to land reforms measures viz updating of Records of Rights, distribution of surplus land acquired under land ceiling act; consolidation of un-economic and fragmented holdings etc are essential to establish a just and orderly society. The GOI in Ministry of Rural Development have also placed special emphasis on implementation of various land reform programmes by introducing a centrally sponsored scheme viz Strengthing of Revenue Administration and updating Land Reforms (SPA & ULR).

2. Achievements during 9th Five Year Plan

Total Financial outlay of Rs. 2041.00 lakh was approved for the 9th plan period. The actual expenditure incurred in the year 1997-98, 1998-99, 1999-2000, 2000-01 and 2001-02 was Rs. 543.32 lakh, Rs.396.06 lakh 441.28 lakh, 609.34 lakh and 1652.82 lakh respectively.

3. Proposals for 10th Five Year Plan & Annual Plan 2002-03

3.1 The 10th five year plan programmes persue the following strategy/objective:-

(1) Preparation of cadastral maps through Arial Photography.

(2) Purchase of Instruments for land management.

(3) Construction and Renovation of Training Institutes.

(4) Construction of record rooms.

(5)    Construction of residential-cum-office accomodation for Patwaries and Revenue Inspectors Buildings.

(6) Financial Assistance to the allottees of ceiling surplus land.

(7) Computerization of cadastral maps.

(8) New national crop insurance scheme.

(9)    Financial Assistance for Land Development to the allottees of pasture land.

(10) Management of Urban Land.

         4.3   An outlay of Rs. 7171.00 lakh and Rs. 1413.00 lakh has been proposed for 10th plan and Annual Plan 2002-03                          respectively.

                4.4 Some important physical targets proposed are